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← Chapter 18: The Yoga of Liberation through Renunciation

Verse 18.38

Speaker: Krishna

Sanskrit

विषयेन्द्रियसंयोगाद्यत्तदग्रेऽमृतोपमम् | परिणामे विषमिव तत्सुखं राजसं स्मृतम् ||३८||

Transliteration (IAST)

viṣayendriya-saṁyogād yat tad agre 'mṛtopamam | pariṇāme viṣam iva tat sukhaṁ rājasaṁ smṛtam ||38||

Word-by-Word Meanings

viṣaya-sense objects
indriya-senses
saṁyogāt-from the contact/union
agre-in the beginning
amṛta-upamam-like nectar
pariṇāme-in the end/result
viṣam iva-like poison
rājasam-rajasic

Translation

That happiness which arises from the contact of the senses with their objects, which is like nectar in the beginning but like poison in the end - that is declared to be rajasic.

Commentary

Rajasic happiness is the exact inverse of sattvic: immediately pleasurable but ultimately painful. Shankaracharya explains that sensory pleasures (viṣayendriya-saṁyoga) provide instant gratification but lead to addiction, exhaustion, and suffering. Ramanuja notes this perfectly describes worldly pleasures that seem sweet initially but result in bondage, disease, and spiritual degradation.

Themes

karmayoga