Verse 13.7
Speaker: Krishna
Sanskrit
इच्छा द्वेषः सुखं दुःखं सङ्घातश्चेतना धृतिः | एतत्क्षेत्रं समासेन सविकारमुदाहृतम् ||७||
Transliteration (IAST)
icchā dveṣaḥ sukhaṁ duḥkhaṁ saṅghātaś cetanā dhṛtiḥ | etat kṣetraṁ samāsena sa-vikāram udāhṛtam ||7||
Word-by-Word Meanings
icchā-desire
dveṣaḥ-aversion/hatred
sukham-happiness
duḥkham-suffering
saṅghātaḥ-the aggregate (body)
cetanā-consciousness/awareness
dhṛtiḥ-fortitude/will
Translation
Desire, aversion, pleasure, pain, the aggregate body, consciousness, and fortitude - this, in brief, has been described as the field with its modifications.
Commentary
This verse completes the enumeration of the field's constituents by including psychological phenomena. Shankaracharya notes that even desire, aversion, and the experience of pleasure and pain belong to the field (matter), not to the self. The inclusion of 'cetanā' here refers to reflected consciousness in the body-mind, not pure awareness itself.
Themes
jnanaatman